Babar Azam (80) and captain Sarfraz Ahmed (97) then kept England at bay but both batsmen were run out and any lingering hope Pakistan had went with them.
Woakes needed just three balls to have Fakhar Zaman out, caught by Joe Root at second slip, out for a duck.
Abid Ali (five) was then lbw to Woakes, with Paul Reiffel’s decision upheld on umpire’s call.
Seam bowler Woakes then nipped one back to have Mohammad Hafeez lbw for nought, although replays suggested Reiffel’s verdict may have been overturned if Pakistan had reviewed the decision.
Babar, however, carried on from his 115 in a three-wicket defeat at Trent Bridge on Friday with a 59-ball fifty before advancing down the pitch to drive off-spinner Moeen Ali for six.
But a fourth-wicket partnership of 146 ended in frustrating fashion for Pakistan.
Sarfraz prodded at an Adil Rashid delivery and set off for a single.
Root was even closer to a century when he holed out off Hasnain, having faced 73 balls including nine fours.